ABSTRACT
Background: Changes that occurred during COVID-19 pandemic have caused people to have various responses when receiving a diagnosis of COVID-19;among others are stigma in society, lack of knowledge, various social media news that affect people's beliefs, and mental health during the pandemic. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the psychosocial experiences of patients before and when they were first diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods: Using a phenomenological approach, we involved 19 COVID-19 survivors who were medically diagnosed and confirmed positive for COVID-19 in the first 6 months of the pandemic entering Indonesia, located in Madiun Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. We conducted face-to-face semi-structured interviews with health protocols and analyzed using the 6-step of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) method. Results: Three themed-findings illustrate patients' psychosocial experiences before being diagnosed: 1) cooperative behavior during the pandemic (with sub themes: recognizing symptoms and looking for medical help);2) Navigating feelings when first received a diagnosis (with sub themes: being worried about the diagnosis, suspecting infection based on exposure history, and acknowledging the existence of COVID-19);and 3) Early psychosocial responses (with sub-themes: psychological response, cognitive response, behavioral response, family responses, and social response). Conclusion: Exploring the experiences of patients with confirmed COVID-19 before and undergoing the isolation period can provide opportunities to improve the quality of physical and psychological services starting from prevention and assistance when receiving a diagnosis so as not to experience a worsening of the condition during treatment. Recommendations are for further study about COVID-19 survivors among children and adolescents who have been treated in the intensive care unit. © The Author(s) 2022.
ABSTRACT
Background: An individual who is positively confirmed COVID-19 is required to undergo a long-term isolation. As a consequence, this condition can cause physical and psychosocial impacts. This review article aims to identify psychosocial impacts COVID-19 patients and protective factors the patients during isolation enactment. Method: This article is a systematic review by doing article identification from four data bases (ScienceDirect, ProQuest, EBSCO and PubMed) published between January to October 2020. The articles were selected using PRISMA based on assigned inclusion and exclusion, keywords on psychological impact, COVID-19, and confirmed patient. Results: Based on the 28 article analysis divides psychosocial domain into four aspects;they are emotional impact, social, and behavior. Protective factor was divided into four aspects, they are social support (family, social, medical team, and government support), personal ability (religious, cognitive, affective, psychomotor aspects), positive belief (internal and external), and material asset (facility and financial). Conclusion: Psychosocial impacts of confirmed COVID-19 patients during isolation enactment can be minimized through psychologist intervention by increasing patients’ protective factors. Based on the finding, the suggestion was the part of nursing in isolation COVID-19 important to increase health condition of mental patients undergo isolation.